Составьте по 5 типов вопросов (i. общий вопрос ii. альтернативный вопрос iii. специальный вопрос iv. разделительный вопрос v. вопрос к подлежащему.) к абзацу 4 и к абзацу 5. по пять к каждому абзацу 4.examples of special fares are excursion fares, advance purchase, insentive, affinity and non-affinity group fares, individual and group inclusive tour fares, youth, family, military, pilgrim, local resident, student and teacher fares, etc. the most widely available of these special fares are excursion fares, which are generally only restricted with respect to their validity in time. however, there is considerable variation from region to region in the combination of minimum and maximum travel duration and, in some cases, in the right to make intermediate stops at no extra cost. indeed, several excursion fares may be quoted on a given route. any special fare proposed to be introduced must be based on market research. it should always be designed to fill otherwise empty seats on say low density days or hours in the day, where the scheduled flight needs a boost. one must be able to determine the objective and properly estimate the results. 5. there are no formal carrier mechanisms for negotiating non-scheduled tariffs, prices generally being proposed by individual carriers for government approval but international associations of non-scheduled carriers play a role in influencing government policy regarding non-scheduled tariffs. intergovernmental air transport organizations, notably icao and regional civil aviation organizations, are engaged in monitoring tariff developments and in coordinating government tariff policies.