Правила comparatives and superlatives

Это степени сравнения прилагательных. Сomparative - сравнительная. Superlative - превосходная. К примеру рассмотрим слово small - маленький. Small[er] - меньше (сравнительная степень); the small[est] - наименьший (превосходная). То есть в сравнитнльной степени мы попросту ко всем словам (кроме исключений) добавляем окончание [er], в превосходной же мы добавляем не только окончание [est], но и определенный артикль "the". Удачи!:D

In the future, a lot of things will change good or bad. the world for sure is going to be a very polluted place as people will keep on using coal and oil for power. maybe people will finally get over their differences and establish world peace. i sincerely hope that our scientific progress is not going to stop, as we already went extremely far, if we look back at the 90's. i think that people might finally go to space and start settling there in places like mars. the future can turn out in a lot of ways good or bad, so all of us need to step up and change!

2. I had been waiting for him for 20 minutes when I realised that I was in the wrong restaurant.
3. At the time the factory closed down, Sarah had been working there for five years.
4. The orchestra had been playing for ten minutes when a man in the audience suddenly began shouting. 
5. I had been walking along the road for five minutes when I saw a monster. 

16.3

1. It was very noisy next door. Our neighbours were having a party.
2. We were good friends. We had known each other for a long time.
3. John and I went for a walk. I had difficulty keeping up with him because he was walking so fast.
4. Mary was sitting on the ground. She was out of breath. She had been running.
5. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table with their mouths full. They were eating.
6. When I arrived, everybody was sitting round the table and talking. Their mouths were empty but their stomachs were full. They had eaten.
7. Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He was looking for his contact lens.
8. When I arrived, Kate was waiting for me. She was rather annoyed with me because I was late and she had been waiting for a very long time.
9. I was sad when I sold my car. I had had it for a very long time.
10. We were extremely tired at the end of the journey. We had been travelling for more than 24 hours.