Спереводом, )the structural definition of the word skyscraper was refined later by architectural historians, based on engineering developments of the 1880s that had enabled construction of tall multi-story buildings. this definition was based on the steel skeleton—as opposed to constructions of load-bearing masonry, which passed their practical limit in 1891 with chicago's monadnock building. philadelphia's city hall, completed in 1901, still holds claim as the world's tallest load-bearing masonry structure at 167 m (548 ft the steel frame developed in stages of increasing self-sufficiency, with several buildings in chicago and new york advancing the technology that allowed the steel frame to carry a building on its own. today, however, many of the tallest skyscrapers are built almost entirely with reinforced concrete. pumps and storage tanks maintain water pressure at the top of skyscrapers.

Структурное определение слова небоскреба была уточнена позже историками архитектуры, на основе инженерного развитpments 1880-х годов, которые позволили строительство высотных многоэтажных зданий. Это определение основано на стальной каркас-в отличие от конструкций несущей кладки, который проходил их практическое ограничение в 1891 году в Чикаго Monadnock здания. Филадельфия мэрии, завершенное в 1901 году, до сих пор держит требование как самого высокого здания в мире несущей конструкции кладки в 167 м (548 футов).Стальная рама разработана в стадии растущей самодостаточности, с нескольких зданий в Чикаго и Нью-Йорке продвижении технологии, что позволило стальная рама нести здание самостоятельно. Сегодня, однако, многие из самых высоких небоскребов построены почти полностью из железобетона. Насосы и резервуары для хранения поддержания давления воды в верхней части небоскребов.

The United Kingdom (official name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) consists of four countries united under one monarch and government. The countries are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Each have a distinct culture and feel of there own with some in Northern Ireland wishing to split from the United Kingdom and join the Republic of Ireland, with which the UK shares its only land border.
England has traditionally been the dominant nation within the UK has over 80 percent of the share of the total population. People in Scotland and Wales have proud national traditions and languages. Scottish Gaelic is mainly spoken in the north west of the country, by a small proportion of the population. Welsh has a much bigger number of people speaking the language and all public signs in Wales are displayed in both Welsh and English.
The United Kingdom has formed over many centuries through old alliances, conquests, and through roy

The United Kingdom (official name United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland) consists of four countries united under one monarch and government. The countries are England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. Each have a distinct culture and feel of there own with some in Northern Ireland wishing to split from the United Kingdom and join the Republic of Ireland, with which the UK shares its only land border.
England has traditionally been the dominant nation within the UK has over 80 percent of the share of the total population. People in Scotland and Wales have proud national traditions and languages. Scottish Gaelic is mainly spoken in the north west of the country, by a small proportion of the population. Welsh has a much bigger number of people speaking the language and all public signs in Wales are displayed in both Welsh and English.
The United Kingdom has formed over many centuries through old alliances, conquests, and through roy