I. перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на употребление окончания -s. 1. the engine driver’s cab is equipped with new signaling devices. 2. on the first railways, there were no conductors and an engine driver collected the passengers’ fares himself. 3. the engineers continue to work on the problem of increasing passenger trains’ speed.

1. The engine cab of driver is equipped with new signaling devices. 
Кабина  машиниста оснащена новыми сигнализационными устройствами.

2. On the first railways, there were no conductors and an engine driver 
collected the fares of passengers himself.
На первом железнодорожном пути не было кондукторов, и машинист сам собрал с пассажиров плату за проезд.

3. The engineers continue to work on the problem of increasing  the speed of passenger trains. 

Инженеры продолжают работать над проблемой увеличения скорости пассажирских поездов.

1) кабина машиниста оборудована новыми сигнализационными приборами.
В первом случае -s означает принадлежность. Во втором мн. ч.
2) на первых железных дорогах не было контролеров (кондукторов) и машинист сам собирал плату за проезд пассажировв первом случае - мн.ч(railways), (conductors) тот же случай. Потом мн.ч+принадлежность.
3)инженеры продолжили работать над проблемой увеличения скорости пассажирских поездов.
Мн. Ч и мн.ч+принадлежность

Thanks for your letter. I was awfully (замени на terribly) glad to get it. Sorry, I couldn’t write back at once because I was busy at school.So, in your letter you asked me what professions are the most prestigious in Russia. In my country the most prestigious professions are programmers, IT-specialists and lawyers, because they are the most highly paid  in Russia. Kinds of money-making jobs in Russia, which do not require a university degree are drivers, builders and sellers. I want to go to college because that can get me an opportunity to find the highly paid and interesting job in future.You wrote that you are going on a three-day bicycle trip. Where do you go? Why did you decide to go on a bike? Can my brother go with you? Keep-in-touch.Your Nikita.
 Вот второеAnadyrRussia20.03.16Dear Jane,Thanks for your letter. I was awfully (замени на terribly)  glad to get it. Sorry, I couldn’t write back at once because I was busy at school.So, in your letter you are interested in  where I buy food. I usually buy food in any grocery shop. I can’t exactly say what  the most expensive or the cheapest thing to eat in Russia is, because in different regions various prices on  products, but bread is not expensive in all districts. I prefer to eat in (скорее всего at home), because it is tastier, more cheaply and I always know who and how cooked my food.By the way, is it hard to work as baby-sitter? How old is the baby? What is his or her name?Write soon.Your Nikita. 

Jerome К. Jerome said that we are never happy with the weather. The weather, like the government, is always in the wrong. But something has been really wrong with it lately. Droughts, wildfires, landslides, avalanches, gales, tornadoes, floods… All over Europe it’s the same story. The weather is definitely getting worse and the so-called extreme weather events are becoming more and more frequent.

B. Greenhouse effect is actually a natural feature of our atmosphere without which life on our planet would be impossible. Certain atmospheric gases (the most important of them is carbon dioxide — C02) work as a kind of blanket, keeping the Earth warm. The amount of these ‘greenhouse’ gases used to be more or less the same for centuries. But the industrial revolution changed this steadiness. Because of heavy industry and other human activities the amounts of C02 and other gases have increased by 30%.

C. Climate experts predict that by 2050 the global average temperature will rise by 2-3 degrees. It doesn’t seem much. Remember, however, that the difference between the average global temperatures now and the last ice age (20,000 years ago) is only 6 to 8 degrees.

D. Northern regions will be wetter andD. Northern regions will be wetter and warmer, southern regions will be drier and hotter. Forests will grow instead of tundra in Siberia. It’ll be possible to grow grapes in Britain. Not so bad so far. But parts of Spain, Italy and Greece will turn as dry as a desert. Snow will melt in the Alps and other mountains, and the water will cause floods, landslides and avalanches. Sea levels will rise and a lot of coastal areas will disappear under water. So will whole species of animals and plants.

E. Moreover, some experts argue that the short-term global warming will lead to a more catastrophic long-term global cooling. As the arctic ice cap melts, a flow of fresh water will change currents, including the Gulf Stream, which now keeps Europe warm.