Albert Einstein was an outstanding German-born theoretical physicist and one of the fathers of modern physics. He received a Nobel Prize in Physics and was an Honorary Doctor of about 20 leading universities in the world. Einstein wrote more than 300 scientific papers and 150 books on the history and essence of science. He was born on March 14th, 1879, in Ulm, in the family of a salesman. His father and his uncle were the founders of one electrical equipment company. His mother was a housewife. When he was still a toddler, his family moved to Munchen where Albert attended a Catholic elementary school. Later, he transferred to Gymnasium, which now has his name. When he turned 14, he moved to Switzerland, where he studied at the Zurich Polytechnic School. Starting from 1909, he taught at this educational institution and became a Professor.
At the age of 34, he was already the director of the Institute of Physics and a Professor of the University of Berlin. In 1933 he was forced to leave Germany by the Nazis. He moved to the USA then and lectured there at Princeton until his death. His three important scientific works on the theory of relativity, the Brownian motion and quantum theory were published already in 1905. The next year, he created the formula about the relation between mass and energy. In 1916, he predicted the phenomenon of induced radiation of atoms. A year later he completed the general theory of relativity. His theory for the first time in science showed the link between the space-time geometry and distribution of mass in the universe. This theory was based on Newton’s gravitational law. Although Einstein’s theories seemed too revolutionary for that time, he soon received a number of confirmations.
In 1920s and 1930s the anti-Semitism was gradually gaining popularity in Germany. His theory of relativity became a subject of criticism. When the scientific work became impossible in his native country, he moved to the USA. There, he instantly received a professorship at the Princeton Institute for Advanced Study. Unified field theory became the subject of his scientific research for the last twenty years of his life. He tried to bring the theory of gravitation and electromagnetic field together. During the Second World War, he heard of the German uranium project and wrote an open letter to the US President Franklin warning about the possible consequences of the Nazi’s creation of atomic bomb. Shortly before his death, Einstein signed a petition addressed to the governments of all countries, warning them about the dangers of hydrogen bomb and nuclear weapons.
An outstanding and brilliant physicist died on April 18th, 1955. During his life he had a great number of honorary awards and world recognition. He had once received an offer to become the president of Israel, which he politely refused. In 1999, “The Times” magazine named him the man of the century. Einstein was married twice. He met his first wife when he was studying in Zurich. The couple had two sons. In 1919, he got a divorce and married his widowed cousin Elsa, who died in 1936. In his free time he liked playing the violin and was rather good at it. Another cherished hobby of the scientist was sailing.Поделитесь своими знаниями, ответьте на вопрос:
Перевести an inflationary development is characterized by rising prices within a certain period of time. the rising prices is a consequence of an uneven development in the quantity of goods on offer and the quantity of money available, which is self determines the demand and is the inflation rate. the causes of inflation are generally complex and can arise either from the goods or from the monetary side. the consequences of inflation are extremely damaging for the economy. in- flation becomes stagflation when economic growth decreases or comes to a halt, but inflation continues to rise. if the state does not take measures to combat stagflation, this leads to defla- tion. deflation, the opposite development to inflation, represents a reduction in the supply of money in comparison with the supply of goods.
Растущие цены-это следствие неравномерного развития количества предлагаемых товаров и количества доступных денег, которые являются определителями спроса и уровня инфляции.
Причины инфляции обычно сложны и могут возникнуть как со стороны товаров, так и со стороны денег.
Последствия инфляции чрезвычайно опасны для экономики. Инфляция становится стагфляцией, когда экономический рост снижается, или останавливается, но инфляция продолжает увеличиваться.
Если государство не предпринимает меры для устранения стагфляции, это приводит к дефляции.
Дефляция-обратное развитие инфляции представляет сокращение денежной поставки по сравнению с поставкой товаров.