On laying out a new road certain general principles have to be kept in mind. motive power is economized by easy gradients; at the same time it is not desirable to deviate much from the direct route between the fixed points (towns and villages) through which the road must pass since excavation works are expensive; these must be as small as possible. a careful survey of two or three trial lines should be made before the route is finally decided upon; this involves also an examination of the geological features of the district and of streams which have to be crossed by bridges. in fact, the formation of an extended line of road involves the construction of bridges, viaducts and other important works which require the greatest engineering skill. it is important to be well acquainted with the nature of the country which is to be traversed whether flat or hill. it is equally important to consider the weather conditions. to make tunnels, cuttings, embankments, foundations for bridges, constructing canals or roads it is most necessary to know the character of the rock met with, especially whether hard or soft and whether permeable or not to water. one must also know what rocks are obtainable and suitable for roads metal. every kind of road serves its own purpose. according to their technical characteristics roads can be classified as follows: primitive roads. these are natural roads where no road construction work has been made. to these belong the natural rural roads and tracks. only the lowest speeds are possible here as a rule. such roads are only passable for a part of the year. seasonal roads are roads having a specially constructed carriageway, proper drainage must be made. in favourable seasons great speeds are possible here. these roads are not passable in certain parts of the year. there exist seasonal cart-roads, tractor roads and motor roads. permanent roads of local transport. these roads have a specially constructed stable carriage-way, adequate drainage facilities and adequate road surfacing securing traffic all the year round. with proper maintenance high speeds are possible on these roads. permanent motor car roads or motorways, having a specially constructed stable carriageway with a road surface of an improved type. these roads are constructed for high-speed traffic. all superhighways of first class roads are roads of this kind. they usually cover long distance and are constructed according to strict technical regulations. these roads are constantly being improved so as to meet all the requirements of comfortable driving. they are equipped with special maintenance facilities, repair shops, gasoline stations, etc. such a highway for example has been laid from moscow to the crimea. there is a filling station at every hundred kilometers and a hotel at every three hundred kilometers. people from different central cities are able to travel to the black sea in buses or cars of their own. every kind of road we are building has a definite purpose in view, all of them working for the great purpose of the people’s welfare according to the plans of economy development.

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The educational system of Armenia is an ordered set of educational institutions and agencies, which are major components: pre-school education provided for children from 3 to 6 years, secondary education, consisting of primary, secondary (or base) and senior schools , primary, secondary and higher vocational education, postgraduate education, and retraining of specialists.

Graduates of primary and high schools have the right to continue their education in primary, secondary and higher vocational schools. In the republic there are also non-state educational institutions, schools, colleges, universities, etc., which not only provide services in education, but also contribute significantly to the development of the education system.

Education in Armenia has a long history and is an important manifestation of national independence, self-preservation. One of the main tasks of the State - preservation and development of the education system and ensure its competitiveness. This is evidenced by the laws and decisions adopted after the independence of Armenia.

1. Which of the arts from the list above can you call visual arts?

- Visual arts are Painting and Drawing, Sculpture and Architecture.

2. What role do arts play in people lives?

- Arts appeal to people's mind and heart and this genre has a lot of fans.

3. When did art begin? What periods in history are famous for great works of art?

- For all intents and purposes, the history of the arts begins with the history of art.

The arts might have origins in early human evolutionary prehistory.

- I think that the Renaissance is one of the periods in in history which is famous for great works of art.

4. What countries are famous for great literature. visual arts. theatre and cinema?

- Great Britain, France and Italy are famous for great literature, visual arts, theatre and cinema. Russian poets and writers like Pushkin, Tolstoy and Dostoevsky are famous all over the world.

5. What places all over the world are conected with particular arts?

- Mesopotamian art was developed in the area between Tigris and Euphrates. Mesopotamian architecture was characterized by the use of brick, lintel and the introduction of construction elements like arc and vault.

In Egypt arose one of the first great civilizations.The architecture is characterized by its monumentality, achieved by the use of stones in large blocks, lintel and solid columns.

6. What do we usually mean when we speak about prehistoric art, ancient art, classical art, modern art?

In the history of art, prehistoric art is all art produced in preliterate, prehistorical cultures beginning somewhere in very late geological history, and generally continuing until that culture either develops writing or other methods of record-keeping, or it makes significant contact with another culture that has.

Arts of the ancient world refer to the many types of art that were in the cultures of ancient societies, such as those of ancient China, India, Mesopotamia, Persia, Egypt, Greece and Rome.

In the Classical period there was a revolution in Greek statuary, usually associated with the introduction of democracy and the end of the aristocratic culture associated with the kouroi.

Modern art includes artistic works produced during the period extending roughly from the 1860s to the 1970s, and denotes the style and philosophy of the art produced during that era.

7. Where do you go if you want to enjoy the arts?

If I want to enjoy arts I can go to the cinema? to the theatre, to the Arts Museum? to the exsibition.