Когда нужно использовать this, а когда that?

This- это
that-кто
This используется когда говорят про предмет например: это шкаф, дом.
That используется когда говорят про человека или животного например: кто мама, собака.

This - это не далеко находится и в единственном числе
That - далеко,так же единственное число
This pencil - P
That book -                 B

Mikhail Venyukov (1832-1901) - Russian explorer and geographer military , Major-General . He was born on June 23, 1832 in the village of Nikitinsky , education in the Noble shelf. According to the officer Venyukov a course of St. Petersburg University in 1856 and graduated from the Imperial Military Academy . All further his work was devoted to travel for scientific purposes . In the 1857-1863 years. Venyukov traveled the Amur , Ussuri , Trans-Baikal region , Issyk -Kul , the Tien - Shan, Altai and Caucasus , in 1861, promoted to the majors . Then he served in Poland , Chairman of the peasant question . In the 1868-1869 years. He embarked on a world tour , with those treated with special attention to China and Japan. 1874 Venyukov held in Asiatic Turkey , in 1876 , promoted to major general in the 80 's. He visited Algeria , Tunisia, Senegal and the Gambia , the coast of Brazil , and Uruguay, as well as the islands of the Antilles archipelago. The result of these trips were numerous published works geographical and military- geographical nature . In addition, Venyukov put a lot of articles in the " Military Collection ," " Russian Invalid ", " Proceedings of the Imperial Geographical Society ," " Russian Thought" and other Russian and foreign publications. Venyukov died a retired Major General July 16, 1901 Михаил Иванович Венюков (1832—1901) — русский путешественник и военный географ, генерал-майор. Родился 23 июня 1832 г. в селе Никитинском, образование получил в Дворянском полку. По производстве в офицеры Венюков прослушал курс Санкт-Петербургского университета и в 1856 г. окончил Императорскую военную академию. Вся дальнейшая его деятельность была посвящена путешествиям с научными целями. В 1857—1863 гг. Венюков объехал Амур, Уссури, Забайкалье, Иссык-Куль, Тянь-Шань, Алтай и Кавказ, в 1861 г. произведён в майоры. Затем служил в Польше председателем комиссии по крестьянскому делу. В 1868—1869 гг. он предпринял кругосветное путешествие, при чем с особенным вниманием отнесся к Китаю и Японии. 1874 г. Венюков провёл в азиатской Турции, в 1876 г. произведён в генерал-майоры, в 80-х гг. он посетил Алжир, Тунис, Сенегал и Гамбию, побережья Бразилии и Уругвая, а также острова Антильского архипелага. Результатом этих путешествий явились многочисленные печатные труды географического и военно- географического характера. Кроме того, Венюков поместил много статей в «Военном сборнике», «Русском инвалиде», «Известиях Императорского географического общества», «Русской мысли» и в других русских и заграничных изданиях. Венюков умер отставным генерал-майором 16 июля 1901 г.

The culinary culture of the British Traditions and conservatism are evident at this Englishman in all, kuhna no exception. The British appreciate the simple cuisine and try to stick to it. Currently morning the British home the bacon, eggs, grilled tomatoes, sausages or kidney, mushrooms and smoked herring. The «real» food for any Englishman is the meat of mutton, pork, roast beef, roast potatoes and many vegetables. National dishes consist exclusively of such products. Very fond of the British feast on another traditional dish of stewed beans and toast. Lunch is rarely without a potato, an important component of food Englishmen. Potatoes cooked necessarily crispy, often in the form of chips. Eat fish, hamburgers, or just. Like the British and the «chip батги» - sliced loaf, with a filling of butter and fried potatoes. For dessert, like the British pies, rhubarb, strawberry cakes, rolls with jam. And of course, every English meal ends of pudding. The famous Yorkshire pudding is baked dough, and the traditional «black pudding» reminds blood sausage. The tourists coming to England, must enjoy national bread pudding, oil pudding and pudding «spotted dog» - boiled pudding with raisins. And of course sandwiches, from them the British never give up never. Traditional sandwich cooked with cheese and spicy spicy seasoning, but now make sandwiches with smoked salmon and chicken and with many other ingredients. Nothing is respected by the British as a fragrant sweet tea. Tea they appropriate the healing power and soothing properties. Tea for an Englishman is also an occasion to meet with friends. Like the British Indian tea, eating it with milk and sugar. The British are very sociable and like to visit the pubs where you can have a drink with friends on кружечке beer. High demand lager lager. If you buy beer in the bottle, then the British appreciate beer continental. In modern England is in great demand beer American, mainly among the young. However, the tradition has remained with the British «pint», mug, not sparkling, not supercooled, non-foaming beer, which smells of hops and that was bottled in the cellar of wooden barrels. Such beer British valued and respected the most. English cooking is not intricate, simple, somewhere conservative, but it will impress any traveler.