Установите соответствие между текстами и их заголовками в есть один лишний заголовок. 1. light and holes animate pictures 2. the way of giving life to objects 3. the first european device for animation 4. american and japanese styles in animation 5. book animation 6. the least expensive way of animation 7. ancient experiences in animation 8. animation used in movies a. it's hard to imagine animated stories before the invention of film, but in fact the origin of moving pictures is thousands of years old. in paleolithic cave paintings, animals were sometimes drawn with extra legs, perhaps a way to suggest movement. another early example is a 5, 000 year old vase found in iran. in five frames, it shows a goat jumping up to eat a leaf on a tree. ancient egyptian murals used a similar technique of telling action stories in multiple panels. b. modern moving images date back to 1650 with the introduction of the magic lantern invented in venice. of course, it wasn't really magic. it used everyday material like candles, oil and a simple glass lens to create a lantern that projected slides on a wall in a darkened room. sometimes the slides represented moving action. the venetian engineer giovanni fontana is credited with being the inventor of the magic lantern.c. during the 19th century many artists and inventors experimented with different way to put pictures into motion. for example, the zoetrope consists of a cylinder w drawings on the inside wall. when the zoetrope spins, and a person looks through vertical cuts in the wall, it appears that the pictures on the inside are in motion. the word "zoetrope" means wheel of life." a british mathematician invented the modern zoetrope in 1833, influenced by a similar device from china from 180 a.d d.the first flip book was patented in 1868, though children have played with something similar ever since paper was invented. the book contains a series of action pietures tha gradually change page to page. when the viewer "flips" through the pages quickly, the images appear to "move." today, flip books are mostly toys for children, but in the 19th century they were designed especially for adults and were sold in parks and theaters. the original victorian flip books, now over 150 years old, are worth thousands o dollars emodern moving images date back to 1650 with the introduction of the magie invented in venice. of course, it wasn't day material like candles, oil and a simple glass ens to create a lantern that projected slides on a wall in a darkened room. sometimes engineer giovanni fontana is credited with being the inventor of the magie lantern.short film using this technique called the humpty dumpty circus was made in 1897. with this method, real objects are moved around and photographed, and then the images are put together as continuous film. in the 1960s, stop-motion animation used to make a of popular american tv shows. recently it has been used to make full-length movies like the fantastic mr. fox and the nightmare before christmas. f. a new era in animation began in 1923 when walt disney opened a new studio in los angeles. a short film featuring mickey mouse was disney's first big hit. snow white and the seven dwarves, the disney studio's first full-1ength film, was released in 1937 at the same time that disney was developing his technique, japanese animators were developing their own unique style. anime, as japanese animation is known, is very popular today all around the world. g.in the last few decades, pixar studios ha revolutionized animation with the of cgi (computer generated imagery with cgi, old-fashioned hand-drawing is replaced with 3-dimensional digital modeling. the technique requires a great deal of time and money but the results can be wonderful. the first fully computerized full-length film was toy story (1995), which is on many people's "best movies ever" list. cgi is often used live-action films to create back-ground scenery and even characters.