9.1 what word is being defined? (the first letter has been given to you.) 1 give an answer without knowing the facts 2 eat less in order to lose weight 3 wait in a line of people 4 kill someone 5 telephone 6 press your lips against another person’s lips 7 have a casual conversation 8 images in your mind when you are sleeping 9.2 rewrite these sentences using the underlined nouns as verbs. change or add words if necessary. example there was a lot of rain yesterday. it rained a lot yesterday. 1 we had a long wait. we 2 this apple has got a strange taste. this 3 we waited in the queue for half an hour. we 4 the cost of the holiday was about £500. the 5 i wrote a reply to his letter yesterday. i 6 she gave me a smile this morning. she 9.3 rewrite these sentences using the underlined verbs as nouns. the meaning must stay the same. example they want to rest for a bit they want to have a rest for a bit. 1 i’ll ring him this evening. i’ll 2 i’ll diet if necessary. i’ll 3 if you don’t know, just guess. if you don’t know, just 4 i braked but i still couldn’t stop in time. i 5 i dreamt about my mother. i 6 did you look in the paper? did you 9.4 sometimes the same word can be a verb and noun but the meaning changes. read these pairs of sentences. do the verb and noun have a similar meaning, or are they different in meaning? 1a we had a long wait for the bus. b if we wait any longer, we may miss the train. 2a i gave him the book. b did you book the table in the restaurant? 3a they take a break after an hour’s work. b did he break his arm skiing? 4a i go for a run most mornings. b i was late so i had to run to get to school on time.

9.1.1)guess,2)diet,3)queue,4)murder,5)ring,6)kiss,7)chat,8)dream
9.2.1)We had been waiting so long.2)This apple tastes strange.3)We queued for a half an hour.4)The holiday cost me about £500. 5)I replied  to his letter yesterday. 6)She smiled to me this morning. 
9.3.1)I'll make a ring to him this evening.2)I’ll have a diet if neccesary. 3)If you don’t know, just make a guess.4)I took a break ,but i couldn't stop in time.5)I had a dream about my mother.6)Did you have a look in the paper?
9.4. 1a)the same.2a)different -to book= to reserve sth. 3a)different-to take a break =to make a pause/ to break=to fracture. 4a.the same

Today the life of many young people in Russia as well as in other countries of the world is influenced by popular culture. The young follow certain stereotypes that are imposed on them through TV, movies, and music. In their lifestyle they try to imitate the images of their idols. Other young people are sports and music fans. They follow their idols in their tours and support them. Unfortunately they are intolerant to those who don't share their view. It's a specific aspect of the youth subculture that can't be ignored.

Сегодня жизнь многих молодых людей в России, а также в других странах мира находится под влиянием массовой культуры. Молодые люди следуют определенным стереотипам, которые навязываются им через телевидение, кино и музыку. В своей жизни они пытаются имитировать изображения своих кумиров. Другие молодые люди увлекаются спортом и любят музыку. Они следуют за своими кумирами в туры и поддерживают их. К сожалению, они нетерпимы к тем, кто не разделяет их точку зрения. Это специфический аспект любой молодежной субкультуры, который не может быть проигнорирован.

So...De-extinction is the process of creating an organism which is – or greatly resembles – a member of an extinct species (1). Contemporary biotechnology offers various promising alternatives for achieving this purpose, including the techniques that have already been applied to preserving endangered species (2). De-extinction requires an in-depth study of the biophysical conditions where the species can live and reproduce in relation to other species – including humans – and adapt to the environmental changes. In any case, risk and harm evaluation on the impact of the “re-birth” of species is necessary. There is a number of crucial ethical issues concerning de-extinction. They include the meanings of concepts such as “nature,” “species,” “evolution,” “biodiversity,” “death,” and “wildlife” in relation to human behavior and human impact on nature (3). In 2013, de-extinction became popular through press and public events; the National Geographic devoted a cover story to this topic and presented various possibilities and scenarios about the most suitable candidates. The Revive & Restore network, with the support of TED and in partnership with the National Geographic Society, convened the TEDxDeExtinction conference bringing together conservationists, genetic technology practitioners, scientists, and ethicists (http://www.ted.com/tedx/events/7650). Because the revival of extinct animals inspires imagination (4), de-extinction has been a topic of science fiction novels, such as John Brosnan’s Carnosaur (1984) and Michael Crichton’s Jurassic Park (1990) and their film adaptations.

Following a systematic philosophical and ethical analysis on animal de-extinction in the context of ecological restoration (3), this article analyzes de-extinction from the standpoint of bio-objectification and considers how de-extinction is a case of bio-objectification.