a) 1. Britain in the 1980s and early 1990s, had a large road building programme.
had - Active voice/ активный залог простое
2. It is not surprising that the car is becoming increasingly popular.
is not surprising - Active voice/ активный залог - Present Simple/настоящее простое
б) 1. Trams were first used in London in 1861, but they were all replaced by bus after 1945.
were used , were replaced - Passive voice/страдательный залог простое
2. Britain, because it is an island, has always been forced to have good trading relations with other countries.
is an island - Active voice/ активный залог - Present Simple/настоящее простое
has been forced - Passive voice/страдательный залог - Present Perfect /Настоящее Совершенное
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