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The main difference between domestic trade and international trade is the use of foreign currencies to pay for the goods and services crossing international borders. Although global trade is often added up in U. S. dollars, the trading itself involves various currencies. Japanese videocassette recorder is paid for in German marks in Berlin, and German cars are paid for in U. S. dollars in Boston. Indian tea. Brazilian coffee, and American films are sold around the world in currencies as diverse as Turkish liras and Mexican pesos.

Whenever a country imports or exports goods and services, there is a resulting flow of funds: money returns to the exporting nation, and money flows out of the importing nation. Trade and investment is a two-way street, and with a minimum of trade barriers, international trade and investment usually makes everyone better off.

In a interlined global economy, consumers are given the opportunity to buy the best products at the best prices. By opening up markets, a government allows its citizens to produce and export those things they are best at and to import the rest, choosing from whatever the world has to offer. Some trade barriers will always exist as long as any two countries have different sets of laws. However, when a country decides to protect its economy by erecting artificial trade barriers, the result is often damaging to everyone, including those people whose barriers were meant to protect.

VIII. Подберите правильные русские эквиваленты английских слов, встречавшихся в тексте:

to consume - потреблять

difference - отличие

currency - валюта

flow - перемещение, перетекание

trade barrier - препятствия в торговле

artificial - искусственные

to erect - создавать

to retaliate - этого слова (отвечать) нет в тексте

to involve - участвуют

international borders - границы государств

На английском языкеПеревод на русский языкHow I Spent Winter HolidaysКак я провел зимние каникулыAll schoolchildren look forward to having long holidays and I’m no exception. My favourite holidays are in summer and winter. Perhaps, winter holidays are even better, because it’s also the time for Christmas and New Year celebrations. Everyone is in cheerful mood, houses and stores in the streets are richly decorated and you get to receive lots of presents. My winter holidays have started almost a week before the New Year. I didn’t have to attend school and I could sleep long hours. On the New Year Eve my parents decided we should visit our relatives in Voronezh, so we went there. It took approximately five hours by train. My aunt and uncle were happy to see us. They were getting ready for New Year dinner and my mum decided to help them. Meanwhile, me and my dad went shopping for presents and some decorations. Aunt Alice’s house has already been nicely decorated and had two Christmas tree. One was inside the house and one outside. Nevertheless, my dad decided to buy some more colourful toys, postcards and tinsel. When we returned, dinner was ready and everybody was waiting for us. It was a wonderful day. I got to play with my cousins and their friends. We spent three more days in Voronezh. After such a joyful trip it seemed to be boring at home. However, I wanted to spend my holidays usefully. Luckily, this winter was snowy and I could go skiing with some friends. Our teacher of literature has set special homework before the holidays, so I had to find some time to read books. Soon it was time to get back to school.