Развитие экономики
Экономика, как и любая другая интеллектуальная дисциплина, уходит своими корнями в раннюю Грецию и Рим; но Сначала экономика рассматривалась как отрасль отечественной науки (домашняя экономика), занимающаяся такими вопросами, как управление рабами и распределение навоза между альтернативными сельскохозяйственными видами использования. В период возрождения науки, последовавшего за Средневековьем, экономика превратилась в отрасль моральной философии, занимавшуюся такими вопросами, как этика ссудного процента и "справедливость определяемых рынком заработной платы и цен".
К началу XVIII века этот предмет утратил большую часть своего богословского подтекста и превратился в академическую дисциплину, в основном в раздел политической теории, занимающийся проблемами государственного вмешательства в экономические дела.
Затем в 1776 году шотландский философ-моралист Адам Смит опубликовал первое издание своего монументального исследования природы и причин богатства народов, и экономика вскоре стала независимой наукой.
1.in 1776 is considered to be the first formalisation of economic thought.
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1. Our teacher knows several foreign languages.
Does our teacher know several foreign languages?
Does our teacher or director know several foreign languages?
Our teacher knows several foreign languages, doesn`t she?
Who knows several foreign languages?
What does our teacher know?
2. He has graduated from University last year.
Has he graduated from University last year?
Has he graduated from University last year or month?
He has graduated from University last year, hasn`t he?
Who has graduated from University last year?
When has he graduated from University?
3. We shall go to London next week.
Shall we go to London next week?
Shall we go to London or New York next week?
We shall go to London next week, shan't we?
Who will go to London next week?
When shall we go to London?
4.They are working in the garden.
Are they working in the garden?
Are they working in the garden or in the yard?
They are working in the garden, aren`t they?
Who is working in the garden?
Where are they working?
5. I have just read this book.
Have I just read this book?
Have I just read this book or magazine?
I have just read this book, haven`t I?
Who has just read this book?
What have I just read?
6. I took this book from my friend.
Did I take this book from my friend?
Did I take this book or pen from my friend?
I took this book from my friend, didn`t I?
Who took this book from my friend?
What did I take from my friend?
From whom did I take this book?
7. He likes reading book.
Does he like reading book?
Does he like reading or writing book?
He likes reading book, doesn`t he?
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What does he like reading?
8. She has many relatives abroad.
Has she many relatives abroad?
Has she many relatives or friends abroad?
She has many relatives abroad, hasn't she?
Who has many relatives abroad?
Where has she many relatives?
9. They were in many countries.
Were they in many countries?
Were they in many countries or cities?
They were in many countries, weren't they?
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How many countries were they in?
10. Russia is the largest country in the word.
Is Russia the largest country in the world?
Is Russia or France the largest country in the world?
Russia is the largest country in the world, isn't it?
What is the largest country in the world?