1. Match the words with their definitions and translate them into Russian language: 1) cipher (n.) also cypher a) present, appearing, or found every-where 2) non-volatile (adj.) b) a tube with a nozzle and piston or bulb for sucking in and ejecting liquid in a thin stream 3) inefficient (adj.) c)taking up much space, typically inconveniently; large and unwieldy 4) bulky (adj.) d)an annual calendar containing important dates and statistical information such as astronomical data and tide tables 5) domain (n.) e)a table or device designed to assist with calculation 6) almanac (n.) f)not achieving maximum productivity; wasting or failing to make the best use of time or resources 7) abacus (n.) g)unreasonably high 8) operand (n.) h)retaining data even if there is a break in the power supply 9) exorbitant (adj.) i)a simple device for calculating, consisting of a frame with rows of wires or grooves along which beads are slid 10) syringe (n.) j)write-protected 11) reckoner (n.) k) an area of territory owned or controlled by a ruler or government 12) read-only (adj.) l) the quantity on which an operation is to be done 13) ubiquitous (adj.) m)a secret or disguised way of writing; a code 2. Find the mistakes and correct the sentence. 1) Subtraction it is when one number or amount taken away from another. 2) A circuit is a series of places that have been visited regularly by a person or group, especially as a part of their job. 3) Theoretically, this machine could handle the four arithmetic functions, had been delayed carrying device, and contained the stepped drum principle, which 150 years later used in the first commercially successful calculator. 4) Surveyors may make mistakes or data may enter into the database incorrectly. 5) Padded dashboards will have been advocated in the 1930s by car safety pioneer Claire L. Straith. 3. Make up another sentence with the same meaning using passive structures. 1) They also use this term in the different advancements of computer technology. 2) People are constantly developing new discoveries that affect the way we live, work and play. 3) Thomas Edison invented the light bulb the same time as Lee De Forest invented vacuum tubes that worked very similar to light bulbs. 4) People made transistors of solid material, some of which is silicon, an abundant element (second only to oxygen) found in beach sand and glass. 5) People found transistors to conduct electricity faster and better than vacuum tubes. 6) However, no one could predict that thousands even now millions of transistors (circuits) people could compact in such a small space. 7) Computers could reach more calculation and faster speeds by putting mil-lions of transistors onto one single chip. 8) Ted Hoff, employed by Intel (Robert Noyce's new company) invented a chip the size of a pencil eraser that could do all the computing and logic work of a computer.