10 ВО ПО ТЕКСТУ Imagine a person who couldn’t see or hear but despite this, they could still write, read and make friends. They also went to university, wrote many books, travelled all over the world and met 12 US presidents. What an amazing person that would be! Incredibly, a person like this really existed! Her name was Helen Keller. She was from Alabama in the USA and she was both blind and deaf.When Helen was only 1 year old, she had a terrible illness which left her unable to see or hear. Over the next few years, Helen would often scream and be very badly behaved. When she was 7, Helen’s family admitted that they needed help and they found a tutor for her, Anne Sullivan.Anne, who had very poor eyesight herself, was very strict with Helen. She started to teach her to spell out words with her hands, such as ‘doll’ and ‘cake’ but Helen didn’t really understand what the words meant. Then, one morning, Anne tried something new. She held Helen’s hand under some water and spelled ‘W-A-T-E-R’ into her other hand. That day, Helen learned 30 words!From then on, Helen progressed rapidly. She learnt to read Braille and to type with both a Braille and an ordinary typewriter. She also learnt to understand what her teacher was saying by feeling her mouth when she spoke.When Helen was 20, she went to university, where she began to write her first book, ‘The Story of My Life’. She graduated in 1904, becoming the first deaf-blind person to get a degree.Helen wrote a lot of books and essays, gave lectures around the world and worked hard to raise money for and improve the living conditions of the blind. All in all, Helen’s life was an incredible inspiration.

1 why did helen lose her hearing?

2where she came from?

3who was mentor helen?

4 What was the first book called?

5in what year did she graduate from university?

6 how old was she when the family found a mentor?

7at what age did she get sick?

8what words did she say with her own hands?

1. Use glass plates, don't use any metallic things. Используйте стеклянные тарелки, не используйте металл.
2. Close the cave door when it's working. Закрывайте дверцу печки во время работы.
3. Don't dry animals with the cave. Не сушите животных в печке.
4. Don't clear the cave when it's working. Не мойте подключенную печку.
5. Microwaves are dangerous! Don't remove the backside of the cave. Микроволны опасны! Не отсоединяйте заднюю панель печки.
6. If something is wrong with the cave, call to a custome service. Если с печкой что-то не так, позвоните в сервисный центр.
7. You may use plastic containers if they had made by a safe matherial. Вы можете использовать пластиковые контейнеры, если они были сделаны из безопасных материалов.
8. Don't heat any inflammable things with the cave. Не подогревайте в печке огнеопасные вещи.

A crossword puzzle is a game of words where the player is given a hint and the number of letters. The player then fills in a grid of boxes by finding the right words. Liverpool journalist, Arthur Wynne invented the first crossword puzzle.Arthur WynneArthur Wynne was born on June 22, 1871 in Liverpool, England. He immigrated to the United States at the age of nineteen. He first lived in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and worked for the Pittsburgh Press newspaper. An interesting side-note, was that Wynne also played violin in the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra.Later, Arthur Wynne moved to Cedar Grove, New Jersey and started working for a New York City based newspaper called the New York World. He wrote the first crossword puzzle for the New York World, published on Sunday, December 21, 1913. The editor had asked Wynne to invent a new game for the paper's Sunday entertainment section.View a copy of Arthur Wynne's first crossword puzzleWord-Cross to Cross-Word to CrosswordArthur Wynne's first crossword puzzle was initially called word-cross and was diamond-shaped. The name later switched to cross-word, and then as a result of an accidental typo the hyphen was dropped and the name became crossword.Wynne based his crossword puzzle on a similar but much older game played in ancient Pompeii that translated from Latin to English was called Magic Squares. In Magic Squares, the player is given a group of words and has to arrange them on a grid so that the words read the same way across and down. A crossword puzzle is very similar, except instead of being given the words the player is given clues.Arthur Wynne added other innovations to the crossword puzzle. While the first puzzle wasdiamond-shaped, he later invented horizontal and vertical shaped puzzles; and Wynne invented the use of adding blank black squares to a crossword puzzle.The crossword puzzle in a British publication was published in Pearson's Magazine in February 1922. The first New York Times crossword was published on February 1 1930.First Book of Crossword PuzzlesAccording to the Guinness Book of Records, the first collection of crossword puzzles was published in the USA in 1924. Called The Cross Word Puzzle Book it was the first publication by a new partnership formed by Dick Simon and Lincoln Schuster. The book, a compilation of crossword puzzles from the newspaper New York World, was an instant success and helped to establish publishing giant Simon & Schuster, who continue to produce crossword books to this day.