мне нужно ваше A:When we say ‘something has happened’, this is usually new information: Ow! I’ve cut my finger. The road is closed. There’s been an accident. (= There has been …) Police have arrested two men in connection with the robbery. When we use the present perfect, there is a connection with now. The action in the past has a result now: Tom has lost his key. (= he doesn’t have it now) He told me his name, but I’ve forgotten it. (= I can’t remember it now) Sally is still here. She hasn’t gone out. (= she is here now) I can’t find my bag. Have you seen it? (= do you know where it is now?) Compare gone (to) and been (to): James is on holiday. He has gone to Italy. (= he is there now or on his way there) Amy is back home now. She has been to Italy. (= she has now come back) B :You can also use the past simple (did, went, had etc.) in the examples on this page. So you can say: Ben isn’t here. He’s gone out. or He went out. ‘Are you hungry?’ ‘No, I’ve just had lunch.’ or ‘No, I just had lunch.’ D : You can use the present perfect with just, already and yet. Just = a short time ago: ‘Are you hungry?’ ‘No, I’ve just had lunch.’ Hello. Have you just arrived? Already = sooner than expected: ‘Don’t forget to pay the bill.’ ‘I’ve already paid it.’ ‘What time is Mark leaving?’ ‘He’s already left . ’ Yet = until now. We use yet to show that we are expecting something to happen. We use yet in questions and negative sentences: Has it stopped raining yet? I’ve written the email, but I haven’t sent it yet. C: The present perfect simple is have/has + past participle. The past participle oft en ends in -ed (finished/decided etc.), but many verbs are irregular (lost/done/written etc. Task2: translate examples into Kazakh. Task 3: Read the situations and complete the sentences using the present perfect. Choose from these verbs: break disappear go up grow improve lose shrink stop 1 Tom is looking for his key. He can’t find it. Tom has lost his key. 2 Maria’s English wasn’t very good. Now it is better. Her English 3 My bag was here, but it isn’t here any more. My bag 4 Lisa can’t walk and her leg is in plaster. Lisa 5 Last week the bus fare was Ј1.80. Now it is Ј2. The bus fare 6 Dan didn’t have a beard before. Now he has a beard. Dan 7 It was raining ten minutes ago. It isn’t raining now. It 8 I washed my sweater, and now it’s too small for me. My sweater Task 4: Put in been or gone. 1 My parents are on holiday. They’ve gone to Italy. 2 Hello! I’ve just to the shops. I’ve bought lots of things. 3 Tom has just out. He’ll be back in about an hour. 4 Alice isn’t here at the moment. I don’t know where she’s . 5 You’re very late. Where have you ? Task 4: Complete the sentences using the present perfect. 1 Sally is still here. She hasn’t gone (she / not / go) out. 2 I can’t find my bag. (you / see / it) anywhere? 3 I can’t log on to the website. (I / forget) my password. 4 I sent Joe an email this morning, but (he / not / reply). 5 Is the meeting still going on, or (it / finish)? 6 (the weather / change). It’s colder now. 7 (you / not / sign) the form. Could you sign it now, please? 8 Are your friends still here, or (they / go) home? 9 Paul doesn’t know what he’s going to do. (he / not / decide / yet). 10 ‘Do you know where Julia is?’ ‘Yes, (I / just / see / her).’ 11 ‘When is David going away?’ ‘ (he / already / go).’ 12 a: (your course / start / yet)? b: Not yet. It starts next week.