Red the text and answer the questions: 1) Is the United States an old country with old traditions or a young country with old and new traditions? 2) What do Americans like? 3) What holidays did the Germans and the Scots take to America? 4) What holidays do only Americans celebrate? 5. When do Americans celebrate Memorial Day? The United States is a young country. In fact sometimes people call it the “New World”. Americans like new ideas. They built the first skyscrapers, they put the first man on the moon. But Americans love old things too. They like to visit historic houses and museums, they like old traditions, remember the days of the “Wild West” («дикий» Запад The people of the United States are in fact people from many different countries. In one city you can find people whose parents, grandparents or great-grandparents came from Africa, South America and European countries. These people brought to their new home their traditions. The Germans brought the Christmas tree and the scots brought Hallowe’en. There are new American festivals and traditions too. Only Americans celebrate Thanksgiving and Memorial Day. People celebrate Memorial Day on the last Monday of May. This day is for people to remember those who died in wars, their dead friends and relatives.

The largest river is the Kama. For the length of the Kama is
6 place among the rivers of Europe, after the Volga, Danube, Ural, don and Pechora. The name of the river comes from the Udmurt word "Kam", which means "big long river".
It starts from a spring in Udmurtia, near the village Flocks. In this place is a pedestal with the inscription: "Here begins the Ural river Kama"
First, Kama is flowing in the stream, but gradually grows in power and becomes a high-water river.
Kama majestically rolls its waters through forests, meadows and fields. Its length was 2032 km, while the creation of reservoirs is declining. Now its length is 1805 km, About half of its journey, about 950 km, it flows within our region.
Kama receives many tributaries from left and right. Right tributaries - flat, quiet, calm. This iniva, Bust, Siwa, etc. Left tributaries in the upper reaches are mountainous, they are fast, rapid, noisy. These include the Vishera with Easyway and Colway, the Kosva river, Chusovaya. It is easy to see that the name of the rivers of Perm region often ends with "WA". It means "water, river".

Sama Kama, the largest left tributary of the Volga.
Kama and its tributaries abounding in water. They are fed by rain, groundwater and snowmelt water in the spring during the melting of snow and ice. In winter the Kama and its inflows, freezes. In the South the ice on the river lasts approximately 140 days, i.e. more than four and a half months, and in the North - 180 days.
The waters of the Kama serves as the energy source. In 1954 it was finished the construction of the Kama hydroelectric power station. It is one of the largest power plants of our country. Her dam is composed of two parts. The right Bank is a concrete spillway portion of the dam, combined with the building of hydroelectric power station. The length of the dam 386 m, width 50 m, height 35 m. the Water raised by the dam, pressing his weight on the blade machines called turbines. Under the huge pressure of the water turbine to rotate and transmit its motion to other machines - generators that produce electric current.
In the South-West of our land in 1961 on the Kama river was completed construction of a second hydroelectric power station - Votkinsk. For its capacity it is two times that of the Kama hydroelectric station. The water level in the Kama river above the new dam rose to 23 meters. Tai was formed at the Votkinsk reservoir. His area of 1120 km2.
Our HPS are part of the Volga-Kama cascade (called cascade located along the river at some distance from each other HPS that are associated with each other). They are members of Association of RusHydro.
Thanks to the creation of the reservoir on the Kama river has improved conditions for the passage of vessels, many tributaries became navigable.

Nikolaev — the city in the south of Ukraine, an administrative center of the Nikolaev area. He has received the name in a year, after victorious storm of Ochakovo by the Russian troops under Suvorov's command. Ochakov has been taken in December, 1788, in day of Saint Nikolay, the defender of seamen. In his honor also called the new city.
City life has been completely subordinated to shipbuilding and fleet. In Nikolaev Dahl, being on military service, have started creation of "The explanatory dictionary of living great Russian language".
The city was visited by a great number of the Russian cultural figures.

Перевод:

Николаев — город на юге Украины, административный центр Николаевской области. Имя свое он получил через год, после победоносного штурма Очакова российскими войсками под командованием А.В. Суворова. Очаков был взят в декабре 1788 года, в день Святого Николая, защитника моряков. В его честь и назвали новый город.
Судостроению и флоту полностью была подчинена жизнь города.  Именно в Николаеве В.И. Даль, находясь на воинской службе, приступил к созданию «Толкового словаря живого великорусского языка».
В городе побывало множество русских деятелей культуры.