Put tag questions. a) Cambridge is formed from a variety of institutions, ……? b) All the colleges are self-governing institutions within the university, ……? c) It does not have a main campus, ……? d) The university also operates eight cultural and scientific museums, ……? e) Cambridge has educated many prominent scientists, politicians, lawyers, philosophers, ……? f) There are 31 colleges with 18, 271 students with 9, 823 academic and administrative staff members at Cambridge University, …? g) No college is as old as the university itself, ……? h) Cambridge is now the only remaining United Kingdom university with femaleonly colleges, …..?

a) Cambridge is formed from a variety of institutions, isn't it?

b) All the colleges are self-governing institutions within the university, aren't they?

c) It does not have a main campus, does it?

d) The university also operates eight cultural and scientific museums, doesn't it?

e) Cambridge has educated many prominent scientists, politicians, lawyers,

philosophers, hasn't it?

f) There are 31 colleges with 18,271 students with 9,823 academic and

administrative staff members at Cambridge University, aren't there?

g) No college is as old as the university itself, is it?

h) Cambridge is now the only remaining United Kingdom university with femaleonly colleges, isn't it?

Referring to the influence of state tax policy on the income distribution, it is necessary to consider in more detail the role of the state in society in every societies, governments provide services such as national defense, police, education, fire service, and in the administration of justice. In addition, the government budget is carried out through transfer payments to some members of society.Transfer payments are payments made to individuals that do not require providing any services in return. Examples are social security, pension payments, unemployment benefits, and in some countries, food stamps. State costs associated with the provision of goods and services (defense, police) or transfer payments, financed mainly by imposing taxes, although some (small) residual components can be financed by government borrowing. In each case we consider four indicators of public expenditure as a percentage of national income: spending on the direct provision of goods and services, transfer payments, interest on public debt and General expenses.Italy is a country of "big government". It costs the state large, and it needs to increase accordingly greater tax revenues. On the contrary, Japan has a much smaller government sector and needs to raise correspondingly less tax revenue. These differences in the scale of public activities compared to national income reflect differences in how different countries allocate their resources among competing uses.Governments spend part of their income on specific goods and services such as tanks, schools and public safety. They directly affect what is produced. The low share of Japan in public expenditure on goods and services. Governments affect for whom the products are produced through their tax and transfer payments. Through taxation of the rich and of the implementation of transfers to the poor, the government ensures that the poor are allocated more of what is produced than otherwise; and the rich get correspondingly less.The government also affects how goods are produced, for example , through the rules it imposes. Managers of factories and mines must comply with the safe requirements, even if it is expensive to implement, firms are forbidden freely to pollute the atmosphere and rivers, offices and factories are banned in attractive residential parts of the city.The scale of government activities in the modern economy is highly controversial. The UK government receives around 40 percent of national income in taxes. Some governments take a larger share, others a smaller share. Different shares will certainly affect the questions what, how and for whom, but some believe that a large government sector makes the economy inefficient, reducing the number of goods that can be produced and eventually allocated to consumers.Usually it is argued that high tax rates reduce the incentive to work. If half of everything we earn goes to the government, we might prefer to work less hours per week and spend more time in the garden or watch TV. This is one of the possibilities, but there is another one: if workers have in mind targeted earnings after tax, for example, to have at least a sufficient number of foreign holiday every year, they will have to work longer hours to achieve this target when taxes are higher.While in equilibrium, high taxes make people work more or less remains an open question. The social security payments and unemployment benefits are more likely to reduce incentives to work since they actually contribute to target income. If large-scale government activity leads to significant negative effects, government activity will affect not only what and how, and for whom goods are manufactured, and also how much is produced in the economy.Find in the text the terms to these definitions and translate them:
* money paid to people without asking for a service in return
* money paid to people when they stop working
* money paid to people who have no work
* money owed by the government of a country
* money received by governments from taxation
* money a worker keeps after paying taxes

Writing a 'healthy lifestyle'

Today, more and more people are fighting for a healthy lifestyle in the society. They do not smoke or exercise, do not eat unhealthy foods. Their main goal - to preserve health, to lead an active life and live longer.

A healthy lifestyle includes several components. If a person wants to follow this way of life, he refuses to bad habits. That is, do not smoke, do not take drugs, do not drink alcohol or consume it slowly.

Even a man specifically walks in the fresh air, regularly ventilate the apartment, doing exercises or jogging in the morning, is engaged in some kind of sport. So it supports your body in good shape.

Another factor of a healthy lifestyle - a healthy diet. People who practice it, observe the eating regimen, try to eat only organic foods. They can be as small as eating fast food products with dyes and preservatives. They have on the table a lot of fresh fruits and vegetables. In order not to harm the body, people limit themselves to fatty, fried, smoked food. After all, great food does not mean that it is useful.

People who are fighting for a healthy lifestyle, try to live so that there is less stress. They learn not to worry about nothing, do not spoil your nerves. After all, as they say, nerve cells do not regenerate.

I believe that a healthy lifestyle - this is good, and I support it. My parents and I abide by the rules of the healthy lifestyle. Why not all? There should be a strict discipline to all, and it is difficult to get used to it right away. But maybe someday we will comply with all the rules. After all, I, too, want to be strong, strong and healthy, not to spend his life on the illness and medicatiot