1 It's a biggest school in our city.

Cesare Lombroso, professor of psychiatry and anthropology at the University of Turin, sought through firsthand observation and measurement of prison __ inmates__ to determine the characteristics of __criminal types__. Some of his ___ investigations___ allowed him to establish the existence of “hereditary criminals”. Lombroso held that such criminals exhibit a higher percentage of physical and mental anomalies than do noncriminals. Among these anomalies, were various unusual skull sizes and asymmetries of the facial bones.
Other scholars helped to introduce the ideas that crime has _multiple_ causes and that most criminals are not born criminal but are shaped by their __upbringing__ and associations. Thus, the emphasis in criminology had turned to experimental _ case studies__ and to preventive and _ rehabilitative_ measures. Without this contribution into the scientific study of criminals the present-day alternatives to __capital punishment__ and old-fashioned imprisonment such as probation, __suspended__ sentence, fines, and parole would have been _unthinkable___.