1) put the verbs in brackets the correct form of the predent perfect. 1. i am afraid he (just/leave) the office. 2. i (not/try) it yet. 3. we ( already/finish) two cups this morning. 4. because we already/ finish) our homework. 5. i (be) there twise. 6. he not/come) yet. 2)put the verbs in brackets into the past simple or present perfect. 1. /enjou) the film yesterday. 2. he (work) there for ten years. 3. (you/invite) 4. i (send) them invitations last week. 5. /type) the report yet? 6. what (you/have) for dinner yesterday? 7. how long /live) here? 8. she ) here two years ago?

1.he has just left

2. i have not tried

3.we have already finished

4. we have already finished

5. i have been

6. he hasn't come yet

 

2) 1. you enjoyed

2. has worked

4.sent

5.have you typed

6.what did you have

7.how long has she lived

8.moved

London is the capital of great britain or the united kingdom of great britain and northern ireland. it is an old city, its history counts more than two thousand years. london is both the capital oi the country and a huge port. london is situated upon both banks of the thames, about forty miles from the mouth and is divided into two parts by the river: north and south. there are 17 bridges that cross the river. the population of london is more than 9 million people.the history of london goes back to roman times. due to favourable geographical position, soon after the roman conquest, a small town became an important trade centre. actually, london can be divided into several parts: the city or downtown of london, westminster, the west end and the east end. the city is the oldest part of london with narrow streets and pavements. there are many offices, companies and banks in this part of london. the city of london is the financial centre of the united kingdom. only a few thousand people live there, but in the day-time it is full of people: as about half a million people come to work there. the biggest banks and offices are concentrated in the city. the west end is the centre of london. it is full of richest hotels, largest supermarkets, best cinemas and concerthalls. there are a lot of beautiful houses and gardens. only well-to-do people can live there. another important district of london is westminster, where most of government buildings are situated. westminster palace is the seat of the british parliament. westminster palace was founded in 1050. it is situated in the centre of london. many great englishmen were buried in the abbey: newton, darwin and others.the towers of the houses of parliament stand high above the city. on the highest tower there is the largest clock in the country which is known to the whole world as big ben. one can hear big ben strike every quarter of an hour. the clock «big ben» came into service in 1859. big ben is the biggest clock bell in britain. the official london residence of the queen is buckingham palace. it was built in the 18th century.there are many nice squares in london. trafalgar square is one of them and it is in the centre of the west end. one can see a statue of lord nelson in the middle of this square. there are many museums, libraries and galleries in london. the tate gallery is one of the well-known galleries in london. henry tate was a sugar manufacturer. he was fond of paintings and collected many pictures. the british museum is a very interesting place in london. it was founded in 1753. the library of this museum has lots of books. the east end of london is the industrial area and the place where the working people live. there are many factories, workshops and docks there. the east end, lying eastwards from the city is very large and crowded. there are many cars and buses in london. there is the tube (an underground) in london too. the underground, constructed in london, was the first underground in the world.

Life of youth in ukraine is  determined  by the economic, social, and political situation of the country. the economic crisis in ukraine has led to  unemployment,  especially of youth. as a result of it the criminal situation has immensely changed for the worse. that's why ukrainian government took special  measures  for the foundation of youth organisations in ukraine. and such organisations have been found. they are, the students' league, young socialists, green peace, the league of ukrainian youth, sokil, ukrainian youth environmental league, youth congress of ukrainian nationalists, eastern-ukrainian union ofyouth organisations (vusmo), ukrainian scouts and various youth clubs which unite young people according to their interests. the students' league is  aimed  at solving various students' problems, including economic ones. the members of this league organise youth forums, festivals, and group meetings. this organisation also  maintains  friendly  ties  with the universities and colleges of such countries as the usa, great britain, france, germany and holland. these ties include students' exchanges on educational and cultural programmes. young socialists is the organisation of young people who  share  the views of socialism. they participate in the movement of socialist organisations abroad and support the policy pursued by the socialist party of ukraine. a lot of young people in ukraine are active in the movement of "the greens". they organise various actions of protest against the  pollution  of environment. the members of the green peace organisation stand for  preserving  safe environment. they fight against the destruction of flora and fauna on the earth. the league of ukrainian youth was founded at the end of 1990 by students and teachers who had taken part in protest demonstrations and a hunger strike in kyiv earlier in the fall. it was organised for the "development of democracy and realisation of human rights in ukraine; to support ukrainian education; and to draw youth into scientific work." the league organises conferences and summer camps on such topics as history, politics, philosophy, folklore, etc. sokil is youth organisation of union of ukrainian officers. it is a labour and professional organisation aimed at ukrainian youth. ukrainian youth environmental league was established in 1993. it promotes biodiversity protection and technology for "environmentally clean" products and runs education projects to involve youth in the environmental movement. youth congress of ukrainian nationalists ycun works to facilitate the "consolidation of ukrainian patriotic youth organisations." the organisation was formed in june 1998. eastern-ukrainian union of youth organizations susmo is a consortium of 26 organisations of various types, including youth and children's organisations, youth political parties and non-governmental organisations working in the educational, cultural and other fields. scouting in ukraine was started in 1911, under the name plast (a direct translation of the word scouting). the renewing of this most worthwhile youth movement happened in 1991, when ukraine became independent. ukraine needs scouting to educate its young people in the spirit of good citizenship, leadership, and to foster civil initiative. youth clubs of different interests have come into being these days. they unite music fans, sports fans, theatregoers and others. besides, there is the "all-ukrainian association of young businessmen", who try to find their own way of raising the country out of the economic crisis.