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Кто сможет с физикой ну хотя бы узнать основу?

Физика

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Акоповна
Все количество теплоты, полученное от сгорания m_c=0.3kg спирта, пойдет на нагрев m_v=10kg воды от температуры t_1=20^oC до температуры t_2.
cm_v(t_2-t_1)=q m_c
\\\
t_2-t_1= \dfrac{q m_c}{cm_v} 
\\\
t_2=t_1+ \dfrac{q m_c}{cm_v}
Удельная теплоемкость воды c=4200 \frac{Dg}{kg\cdot ^oC}
Удельная теплота сгорания спирта q=2.7\cdot 10^7 \frac{Dg}{kg}
t_2=20^oC+ \dfrac{2.7\cdot 10^7 \frac{Dg}{kg}\cdot 0.3kg}{4200 \frac{Dg}{kg\cdot ^oC} \cdot 10kg} \approx 212.8 ^oC
Получившаяся температура больше температуры кипения воды, поэтому вода (или ее часть) превратится в пар.
Оценим, хватит ли выделившегося количество теплоты для того, чтобы превратить в пар всю воду. К затратам на нагревание воды добавим затраты на парообразование:
cm_v(t_p-t_1)+Lm=q m_c
\\\
Lm=q m_c-cm_v(t_p-t_1)
\\\
m=\dfrac{q m_c-cm_v(t_p-t_1)}{L}
t_p - температура кипения воды
m - масса воды, которую удастся превратить в пар
L=2.3\cdot 10^6 \frac{Dg}{kg} - удельная теплота парообразования воды
m=\dfrac{2.7\cdot 10^7 \frac{Dg}{kg}\cdot 0.3kg-4200 \frac{Dg}{kg\cdot ^oC}\cdot 10kg\cdot (100^oC-20^oC)}{2.3\cdot 10^6 \frac{Dg}{kg}} \approx 2.06 kg
Таким образом, вода нагреется до 100 градусов Цельсия (то есть на 80 градусов Цельсия) и, кроме этого, 2.06 кг превратятся в пар.
ответ: на 80 градусов Цельсия
nat63nesnova5
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