При взаимодействии 2, 4 г магния с соляной кислотой выделяется л водорода. (объем газа измерен при н.у.)

Mg + 2HCl = MgCl2 + H2

n(Mg) = 2.4/4 = 0.1 моль

n(H2) = 0.1 моль

V(H2) = 0.1*22.4 = 2.24 л

Mg+2HCl =MgCl2 +h2

n(Mg)= m/M=2,4u/24г/моль=0,1 моль

n(h2)=0,1 моль

V(H2)=Vm*n=2,24дм3

1. C2H6 + Br2 = C2H5Br + HBr
C2H5Br + NaOH = C2H5OH + NaBr
C2H5OH + CH3COOH ---(H2SO4)---> CH3COOC2H5 + H2O
CH3COOC2H5 + NaOH = CH3COONa + C2H5OH
CH3COONa + NaOH + t (сплав) = CH4 + Na2CO3  CH4 + t = C2H2
C2H2 + HCl = CH2=CH-Cl    nCH2=CH-Cl = [-CH2-CH(Cl)-]n

2. CH3COOCH3 ---(NaOH/H2O)---> CH3COONa + CH3OH
CH3OH + O2 ---(V2O5/t)---> HCOH + H2O
HCOH + [Ag(NH3)2]OH = Ag + HCOOH + H2O + 2NH3
HCOH ---(H2/Ni)---> CH3OH
CH3OH + C2H5COOH ---(H2SO4)---> C2H5COOCH3 + H2O
C2H5COOCH3 + NaOH (водн) = C2H5COONa + CH3OH
C2H5COONa + NaOH + t (сплав) = C2H6 + Na2CO3

3. C3H7OH ---(Cu/t)---> C2H5CHO + H2
C2H5CHO + Cu(OH)2 = C2H5COOH + Cu2O
C2H5COOH + C2H5OH ---(H2SO4)---> C2H5COOC2H5
C2H5COOC2H5 + NaOH (водн) = C2H5COONa + C2H5OH

2Na + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + H2↑
2Na⁺ + 2H⁺+SO4²⁻=2Na⁺+SO4²⁻+H2↑
2H=H2↑
2Na+2HCl = 2NaCl + H2↑
2Na+2H⁺+2Cl⁻=2Na⁺+2Cl⁻+H2↑
2H⁺=H2↑
CaO + H₂SO₄=CaSO₄↓+H₂O
CaO+2H⁺+SO₄²⁻=CaSO₄↓+H₂O
CaO+2HCl = CaCl2+H2O
CaO +2H⁺+2Cl⁻=Ca²⁺+2Cl⁻+H2O
CaO+2H⁺ =Ca²⁺+H2O
Cu(OH)2+2HCl=CuCl2+2H2O
Cu(OH)2+2H+2Cl = Cu+2Cl+2H2O
Cu(OH)2+2H⁺ = Cu²⁻ + 2H2O
Na2CO3+H2SO4=Na2SO4+H2O+CO2
2Na⁺+CO3²⁻+2H⁺+SO4²⁻=2Na⁺+SO4²⁻+H2O+CO2
CO3²⁻+2H⁺=H2O+CO2
Na2CO3+2HCl=2NaCl+H2O+CO2
2Na⁺+CO3²⁻+2H⁺+2Cl⁻=2Na⁺+2Cl⁻+H2O+CO2
CO3²⁻+2H⁺=H2O+CO2
2Al+3H2SO4=Al2(SO4)3+3H2↑
2Al +6H⁺ +3SO4²⁻=2Al³⁺+3SO4²⁻+3H2↑
6H=3H2↑
2Al+6HCl = 2AlCl3+3H2↑
2Al+6H+6Cl=2Al+2Cl3+3H2↑
6H=3H2↑